#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <array>
using namespace std;


/*---- Class time definition. Contains only the list of members and the prototypes of the member functions -----*/
/*This part usually goes in a different file with extension ".h" (h is for header). "Time.h" for example*/

class Time //Class time definition - note that functions are defined later, outside of the class
{
public:
  Time(int =0, int =0, int =0);//Constructor which defaults to 00:00:00 when no arguments are given
  ~Time();


  void setHour(int &ho);//Prototype of function to set hour. Could also be done by reference.
  void setMinute(int &mi);//Prototype of function to set minute
  void setSecond(int &se);//Prototype of function to set second
  
  void setTime(int ho, int mi, int se);//Prototype of function to set time all at once.

  int getHour() const;//Function that returns hour stored in object
  int getMinute() const;//Function that returns minute stored in object
  int getSecond() const;//Function that returns second stored in object

  void showTime24() const;//Function to output the time. 
  void showTime12() const;//Function to output the time. 

  void addTime(int ho, int mi, int se);


private://Here are the private members
  int hour; //Should be between 0 and 23.
  int minute;//Should be between 0 and 59
  int second;//Should be between 0 and 59
  int toSec() const;//Utility function that converts time to seconds.
};
  

// Time subTime(Time &t1, Time &t2);

/*-------------- End of class time definition ------------------*/

/*prototype of addTime as an external function that takes two time objects and returns the times added*/

Time addTime(Time&, Time&);

/*End of prototype of addtime*/


/*------------- Definition of the function members of class Time  ---------------------*/
/*This part often goes in its own file, with ".cpp" extension (say "Time.cpp"). To do that you need to include
  the file above at the top: #include "Time.h"*/   


/*-----Notice that we use "Time::" in front of each function 
  so that the compiler knows that the function of class Time-----------*/

Time::Time(int ho, int mi, int se)//Custom constructor
  :hour(ho),minute(mi),second(se)
{
   setTime(ho, mi, se);
}

Time::~Time()
  {   
      // cout << "Bye bye ";
      // showTime12();
      // cout << endl;
   }  

void Time::setHour(int &ho)//Function to set hour
  {
   if(ho>=0 && ho<24)
      hour=ho;
   else
      hour=0;
  }

void Time::setMinute(int &mi)//Function to set minute
  {
   if(mi>=0 && mi<60)
      minute=mi;
   else
      minute=0;
  }

void Time::setSecond(int &se)//Function to set second
  {
   if(se>= 0 && se<60)      
      second=se;
   else
      second=0;
  }

void Time::setTime(int ho, int mi, int se)
   {
      setHour(ho);//you can also write hour=ho;
      setMinute(mi);//you can also write minute=mi;
      setSecond(se);//you can also write second=se;
   }

int Time::getHour() const//Function that returns hour stored in object
  {
     return hour;
  }

int Time::getMinute() const//Function that returns minute stored in object
  {
      return minute;
  }

int Time::getSecond() const//Function that returns second stored in object
  {
      return second;
  }

void Time::showTime24() const//How do we show the time?  Try to output this as 01:03:34 instead of 1:3:34 - use setw and setfill
  {
     cout << setfill('0') << setw(2) << getHour() << ":" << setw(2) << minute << ":" << setw(2) << second << endl;
  }

void Time::showTime12() const//How do we show the time?  Try to output this as 01:03:34 instead of 1:3:34 - use setw and setfill
  {
     cout << setfill('0') << setw(2) 
     << 
     ( (hour  < 13) ? getHour() : getHour()-12 )
     << ":" << setw(2) << getMinute() << ":" << setw(2) << getSecond() 
     << ( (getHour()  < 12) ? " AM" : " PM" ) << endl;
  }

void Time::addTime(int ho, int mi, int se)
{
   int totsec1=hour*3600 + minute*60 + second;//time of calling object in seconds
   int totsec2=ho*3600 + mi*60 + se;//time of added time in seconds
   int addsec=totsec1+totsec2;
   //Now we need to convert addsec to hours, minutes, seconds.
   hour = (addsec/3600)%24; //Gives number of hours in addsec seconds.
   addsec = addsec%3600;//Gives number of remaining seconds.
   minute = addsec/60;//Gives number of minutes.
   second = addsec%60;//Remainder seconds
}

int Time::toSec() const 
{
   return hour*3600 + minute*60 + second;
}

/*---------- End of definitions of class Time function members --------------*/


/*Definition of external function addtime*/

Time addTime(Time &t1, Time &t2)
{
  return 0;
  //Fill it in!
}

/*End of definition of addTime*/

/*-----------------main part of the program---------------------*/

/*Normally it has its own file as well. To include class Time you
  need to write #include "Time.h" at the top and you need to compile
  it at the same time as the file Time.cpp*/

int main()
{
  Time now(15, 14, 15); //Declares now to be of class Time. -> Instantiation - uses custom constructor
  cout << "Time now in 24h format is ";
  now.showTime24();
  cout << endl << "Time now in 12h format is ";
  now.showTime12();

  Time now2;
  now2.setTime(13,49,34); 
  cout << endl << "Time now2 in 24h format is ";
  now2.showTime24(); 
  cout << endl << "Time now2 in 12h format is ";
  now2.showTime12();//We would use showTime12(now2) if it were not a member function

  const Time noon(12,0,0);
  cout << endl << "Time noon in 12h format is ";
  noon.showTime12();
  
  cout << endl << endl << "Time now2 is: ";
  now2.showTime24();
  now2.addTime(6,23,56);
  cout << "now2 + (6,23,56) is: ";
  now2.showTime24();

  cout << endl <<  "******************NEW STUFF*******************"<< endl<< endl;

  Time sunset(7,15,00);//Time is just another type, just like int, or char, string, etc.
  cout << "Time sunset in 24h format is ";
  sunset.showTime24();

  Time & dinnerTime = sunset;
  
  cout << endl << "dinnerTime is a reference to sunset. The output of dinnertime.showTime24(); is: ";
  dinnerTime.showTime24();
  
  Time * sunPtr = & sunset;
  

  cout << endl << "sunPtr is a pointer to sunset. The output of sunPtr->showTime24(); is: ";
  sunPtr->showTime24();/*Use the ARROW ( -> ) operator instead of the. operator to call member functions on
			 pointers to member functions. Arrow ONLY works for pointers.*/
   
  cout << endl << "(*sunPtr).showTime12() also works since (*sunPtr) is just sunset"; 

  (*sunPtr).showTime12();
  cout << endl;
  
  //sunPtr.showTime12();//This gives an error: sunPtr is not an object of class time, rather is the ADDRESS of an object of class time
  
  

  array <Time,5> arrayOfTimes;
  
  cout << "Define an array of times of size 5, with no initalization parameters (so they are all initialized to 0). They print as";
  
  for(auto element : arrayOfTimes) 
    {
      element.showTime12();
      cout << endl;
    }
  
	
  
  cout << "We can use sunPtr->addTime(3,56,45); to add 3h, 56m, 45s to Time sunset"; 
  sunPtr->addTime(3,56,45);
      
  cout << "New value of sunset is: ";
  sunset.showTime12(); 


 cout << endl << "******************NEW STUFF*******************"<< endl<< endl;


 cout << "Destructors" << endl << endl;

 {
   Time lunch(12,23,45);
   lunch.showTime12();
 }//Here the default destructor is called (the computer destroys the object lunch)

 //lunch.showTime12();

 cout << endl << "******************NEW STUFF*******************"<< endl<< endl;

 Time lunch(12,23,45);
 cout << "Time lunch is: ";
 lunch.showTime12();
 cout << endl << "Time sunset is: ";
 sunset.showTime12();


 cout << endl << "When we add lunch + sunset using the external function we get: ";
 // addTime(sunset, lunch).showTime12(); //version of addTime as an external friend function. input is two time objects.

 cout << endl << "The value of sunset has not changed: ";
 cout << "Time sunset is: ";
 sunset.showTime12();

 cout << endl << "When we add sunset + 12:23:45 using the member function we get no output, but the value of sunset gets changed: ";

 sunset.addTime(12,23,45);/*version of addTime as a member
			    function. Input is 3 integers. NOTE that
			    this one changes the object that calls it (in this case, sunset)
			    where as the external does not. */ 
 cout << endl << "Now time sunset is: ";
 sunset.showTime12();


   
}

/*---------------- End of main part --------------------*/